Stove



(No Model.)

L.F BETTs Stove.

No. 238,331. Patented March], 1881.

N.PETERS, PHOTO-LITMOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON D c PATENT EEIc LEWIS F. BETTS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

STOVE.

SPECIFICATION forming" part of Letters Patent N 0. 238,331, dated March 1, 1881. Application filed June 24, 1880. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEWIS F. Bnrrs, of Chicago, county of Cook, and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Stoves. of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon. 1

My invention has relation to that type of stoves wherein the air for the support of combustion is conducted to the burners through suitably-arranged channels or conduits, and in which the moving current of air, or air and gases, is controlled in direction in such manner as to insure an increased upward flow through the burner-plate whenever disturbances in the surrounding atmosphere take place, as when the stove is exposed to drafts or winds, or when being moved about, thus maintaining combustion, preventing any reversal of the current within the structure, and obviating smoking.

The object of this invention is to construct a small, light, cheap, and effective stove for domestic use, which shall embody all the advantages of the general class of stoves to which it relates; and to this end the invention involves certain novel and useful arrangements or combinations of parts and details of construction, all of which will be hereinafter first fully described, and then pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure l is a top or plan view of a stove constructed in accordance with my improvements, and Fig. 2 is a vertical axial section thereof.

Likeletters of referencc,wherever they occur, indicate corresponding parts in both the figures.

A is the oil-pot, having any suitable fillerorifice, f, and Bis the wick-tube leading up from the oil-pot and connected therewith in any of the ordinary ways.

At a littledistance above the oil-potis sup ported the plate 0 upon standards D D, arranged at convenient intervals and suitably secured against accidental displacement or disarrangement-as, for instance, by the narrow ledge l, or by use of any suitable form of locking catch or hinge, as at 0, or in any other convenient way.

Surrounding wick-tube B is a chimney, I, forming the flame-chamber, and provided at bottom with a slotted burner-plate, T, adapted to direct the incoming air against the flame. This chimney is made of sheet metal or other suitable material, and is suspended from the perforated top plate, E, through the medium of suitable rods, a a, or by equivalent means, the lower end of the chimney being located above the plate 0. The chimney is flattened or wider in one direction than in the other, as indicated at Fig. 1 in order that the volume of air and gases passing therethrough may be more thoroughly and uniformly heated than would occur if a cylindrical chimney should be employed in connection with the broad flat flame. By this construction I am enabled to utilizethe heating capacity of the stove with the single wick-tube to much better advantage than can be done with the cylindrical chimney.

The top plate, E, is supported upon a cylindrieal jacket, F, which, in turn, is mounted upon plate 0, and all held in place by the assembling rods G G. This jacket forms with the chimney an air-conducting channel leading to the under side of the burner plate, through which channel all the air passes for the support of combustion. At a convenient point below the top plate, E, the fresh-air inlet is formed in the jacket, and in this inlet are located air-deflecting surfaces, such as at b c (1, so arranged as to deflect anyimpingingaircurrents down into the space between the jacket and the chimney. These surfaces form an atmospheric injector, and in this place the particular surfaces shown stand instead of any form of injector desired to be employed in connection with the mouth of the air-feedingconduit, or what may be called the fresh-air inlet. They may therefore be replaced by any equivalent form of atmospheric injector.

The conical or inclined frustum g is preferably cast with plate E, and serves as a bearing for the chimney on the under side, and also, to a certain extent, as an ejector, in connection with the chimney, and air-currents passing beneath the cooking utensil (which is supported upon suitable standards, h h) will IOO tend either to enter the fresh-air conduit through the openings in plate E, or to exhaust from the chimney upon well-known principles of pneumatics. This ejector may be replaced by any preferred equivalent form.

When the stove is organized as above explained it is clear that any currents which may strike the structure, as when exposed to winds or drafts of air, or when being carried about, will tend to increase the flow of air to feed the flame, either by causing an ejection from the discharge end of the chimney or an augmented current down through the air-feedin g channel between the jacket and chimney; and

- it will also be observed that no air-currents or movements of the stove can cause a reversal of the air-feeding current.

Below the slotted burner-plate is a foraminated air-distributin g plate, m, operating in the usual way, for the usual purposes of a distributer in similar positions with respect to the flame.

In the chimney is a window, as at It, and the jacket may be provided with a correspondin g window or door, through which the state of the flame may be conveniently inspected. When the window is located opposite thefreshair inlet, as shown, this inlet will afford all the requisite opening in the outside casing for this inspection.

To light or trim the burner, the entire superstructure may be lifted from off the top of the oil-pot, thus leaving only the wick-tube in place.

The chimney is suspended from the top or pot-hole plate, instead of being supported from beneath, as has heretofore been customary in this class of stoves, and this is a feature of considerable utility, contributing largely to the simplicity of construction in a small stove, and applicable in stoves with any number of burners.

For convenience in handling or carrying and moving the stove, it is provided with a bail or handle, H, the same being connected with the jacket or other convenient part of the stove, substantially as indicated in Fig. 2. When not employed for carrying the stove about, this bail drops down out of the way of the top, leaving the top entirely free. When being carried about, this bail is amply large to accommodate any ordinary cooking utensil beneath it upon the top of the stove, and the stove is of such construction that it may be carried or moved when lighted without danger of impeding the combustion or causing smoking, as in the ordinary forms of stoves.

Reference to the drawings will show that the diameter of the air-channel is made considerably greater than the length of the chimney or than the distance through which the fresh air is compelled to travel after entering the structure before reaching the flame, and it will also be observed that there is a wide space left between the jacket and the flattened walls of the chimney. This construction affords an extended area or capacity for the fresh-air conduit, and consequently a large volume of air to feed the flame, which in passing down to the burners is not liable to become overheated by contact with the chimney. The overheating of the feed-air would tend to produce an upward current in the air-feeding channel, diminishing thereby the supply of air to support combustion and preventing the successful practical operation of the stove. The proportions of the different parts indicated bring the kettle or cooking-vessel well down upon the flame in a position best adapted to utilize the maximum effects of the heat generated within the chimney.

Having now fully described my invention, 1 will add that my improved arrangements are applicable to stoves burning gas or vapor, as well as to those consuming oil or liquid fuel.

Any form of burner can be readily substituted for the one shown in the drawings.

WVhen the stove is being carried or swung by the hail, the contents of the air-feedin g conduit (or of the separate tubes if more than one conduit be employed) serve to counterbalance the contents of the flame-chamber, and thus preventing any reversal of the currents within the stove.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. Inastove of the characterherein specified, the combination of a top plate supported upon an outer jacket and a chimney suspended from IOO said top plate, the lower end of the chimney being provided with an air-deflecting burnerplate and a foraminated air-distributing plate, both being maintained above and free from the bottom plate of the jacket, and an enlarged air-conducting passage being left between the chimney and jacket, and between the bottom and the air-deflectin g burner-plate, to prevent overheatiugof the feed-air, as explained, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In a stove of the characterherein specified, the combination, with the elongated burner, of a correspondin gly-flattened chimney and an air-jacket surrounding the same, leaving a space between the two the'diameter of which is greater than the length of the chimney, said jacket being made to direct air beneath the bottom of the chimney for the support of combustion, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. The combination of an oil-pot, an elongated burncr connected therewith, asuspended flattened chimney, an air-jacket surrounding said chimney, forming a fresh-air conduit the breadth of which is greater than the height of the chimney, and leading to the under side of the burner-plate, a bottom plate upon said jacket, and a top or pot-supporting plate, substantially as shown and described.

4. In combination with a jacket provided with an atmospheric injector, a chimney located within said jacket and supported or suspended from the top plate, which is mounted upon the jacket and the burner-plate at the lower mouth of the chimney, serving to direct air from the air-conduit between said jacket and chimney, said conduit being made broader than the length of the chimney, substantially as shown and described, and for the purposes set forth.

5. In combination with an outer jacket having an atmospheric injector applied thereto, a chimney suspended within the jacket, substantially as explained, so as to leave an en larged air-space between the two, which space is made broader than the length of the chimney, and an atmospheric ejector applied at the discharge end of the chimney, substantially as shown and described.

6. In a stove of the character herein set forth, wherein the currents are maintained in a uniform direction by the application of atmospheric injectors or ejectors, as shown, and wherein the contents of the air-feeding conduit are prevented from becoming overheated, as explained, said conduits being made broader than the length of the chimney, the combination, With the structure, of a suitable handle or bail, by use of which the stove maybe carried about, substantially as shown and described.

7. The combination of the oil-pot, the standards thereabove,the air-jacket and its bottom plate mounted upon the standards, and a chimney suspended within the air-jacket above and free from the bottom plate thereof, the space between the chimney and jacket being made broad in proportion to its length, as explained, so as to prevent overheating of the air-feeding current, substantially as shown and set forth.

8. In a stove of the character herein set forth, the combination of a flattened chimney and surrounding jacket, the two forming an enlarged air-conducting space, made broad in proportion to its length. as set forth, so as to prevent overheating of the air-feeding current, said enlarged chamber leading to the under side of the burner-cone, and the chimney being supported from the top plate above and free from the bottom plate of the jacket, the inlet-for fresh air and the outlet for products of combustion being in close proximity to each other, and each guarded by air-deflecting surfaces, and the Whole arranged to operate substantially as shown and described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two Witnesses.

L. F. BETTS. Witnesses:

WORTH Oseoon, ARTHUR M. PIERCE. 

